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Home›Use cases›Out-of-Stock Detection & Root Cause Analysis
Supply and category teams

Catch the on shelf availability gap, and name what caused it

Your shipment data ends at the dock and your POS data starts at the till. Sena reads the shelf between them, classifies why the product is missing, and prices what it cost.

Backed by NVIDIA Inception, Techstars, and Plug and Play. Every gap carries the store, the date, and the shelf image behind it, so a conversation with a distributor or a retailer starts on a record. A multi-step QA flow checks each signal before it becomes a decision.
The problem

Two systems report the store accurately. The shelf sits between them, unread.

What Sena decides

Which products are off the shelf, which of five causes explains each one, and what the gap cost.

Industries

FMCGBeveragesSnack FoodsPersonal CareOTC Pharma

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Sena, the Decision AI from Rwazi.

Decision AI with access to real-world data

The problem

You hold two reliable numbers about every store. The shelf sits between them.

Upstream, your shipment data

It reports what left the warehouse, when, and to whom. Accurate, and it stops at the loading dock.

Downstream, the retailer’s POS data

It reports what scanned at the till. Accurate, and it starts at the till.

Between them, the shelf

Whether the product reached the shelf at all. Whether it stayed there. Whether a competitor or a private label took the space. Whether the store quietly stopped carrying it. Five separate events, and all five arrive in your systems as the same signal: a number below what you expected.

A logistics fix, an accountability conversation with a distributor, a category conversation with a retailer, and a commercial response to a competitor are four different actions. Choosing between them on a low number alone is guesswork, so the usual answer is to apply all the pressure available and hope one of them was right.

TWO RELIABLE NUMBERS PER STORE SHIPMENTS POS SCANS ? STOP AT THE DOCK START AT THE TILL THE SHELF SITS BETWEEN THEM. WHAT HAPPENS BETWEEN THEM NOT SHIPPED STOPPED SHORT OFF THE SHELF SPACE TAKEN DELISTED LOW NUMBER ONE SIGNAL, DIFFERENT FIXES.
How it works

How Sena runs on shelf availability detection

01
PLANOGRAM GAP FLAGGED BY STORE, TERRITORY, DATE

Detect the gap

Sena Computer Vision reads the shelf on a repeating cycle across your target stores and compares what is there against the assortment each store is meant to carry. Missing products are flagged by store, territory, and date.

02
SHIPMENT: BLANK UPSTREAM SHIPPED · ARRIVED IN-STORE SAME STORE, SAME DATE, TWO OWNERS

Check upstream

Sena reads your shipment and delivery records for the same store and date. A product whose shipment record is blank is an upstream problem. A product that shipped and arrived is an in-store one, and the two need different owners.

03
GAP NOT SHIPPED STOPPED SHORT OFF THE SHELF SPACE TAKEN DELISTED ONE CAUSE

Classify the cause

Sena sorts each gap into one of five: the shipment is missing, the shipment left and stopped short of the store, it reached the store and stayed off the shelf, a competing product now holds the space, or the store has stopped carrying it.

04
PER PRODUCT, PER STORE VELOCITY × DAYS ABSENT = MISSED SALES THE STORE'S OWN RATE, OVER THE GAP

Cost the loss

Sena reads the store’s own sales velocity for that product against the length of the gap, and returns the sales it estimates you missed.

05
ANOTHER OF YOURS A COMPETITOR'S NOTHING THAT DECIDES THE REAL COST

Follow the shopper

Add a consumer read to find out what happened at the shelf: whether shoppers took another of your products, took a competitor’s, or left with nothing. That answer decides the real cost.

See which products are off the shelf today, and why

See how Sena classifies a gap →
Industries served

Industries and Rwazi capabilities involved

FMCGBeveragesSnack FoodsPersonal Care & BeautyOTC Pharmaceuticals

In impulse categories a fast-selling line can empty within a day, and the sale moves on with the shopper, so the detection cycle matters more there than the reporting.

Check out Rwazi and Sena capabilities

CapabilityRole in this use case
Sena Computer VisionCore detection. It reads the shelf on a repeating cycle and identifies which products are present and which are absent from the expected assortment. Directed at flagged stores, it also re-checks a specific gap.
Sena (Decision AI)Core diagnosis. It reads the shelf record against your shipment, delivery and sales data, classifies each gap into one of five causes, prices the loss, and finds the pattern across distributors and territories.
Sena Connect and IntegrationsCore. Brings in the expected assortment per store, your product images for matching, your shipment and delivery records, and your sales velocity by SKU and store.
Sena Consumer ActivityOptional. Ask shoppers what they did when the product was absent, which turns the substitution question from an assumption into a measurement.

Detection is the easy half. The classification is what turns a flag into an owner, and the pricing is what gets it prioritised.

The gap

Why the gap opened

01

What your systems already tell you

? OUTTHROUGH BOTH FROM OUTSIDE THE STORE

Shipments out and sales through, both accurate, both from outside the store. Together they show that something went wrong.

02

What Sena adds

SPACE TAKEN CAUSE, STORE, DATE, COST

The shelf itself, on a cycle, plus the classification: which of the five causes explains this gap, in this store, on this date, and what it cost.

03

What you can add

SALE DEFERRED SALE LOST SHOPPER LOST WHAT THE SHOPPER DID INSTEAD

A consumer read on what the shopper did instead, which separates a sale deferred from a sale lost and a shopper lost.

Ask Sena

SENA
Recent
Top SKUs · off shelf now
Cause breakdown · last cycle
Distributor gap rates

Data connected 3/4

✓Shelf capture
✓Shipment records
✓Expected assortment
Retailer POS
Stores 1,250 SKUs tracked 40 Cycle Weekly
Which stores have my top products off the shelf right now, and what is the estimated daily loss?

Sena

63 stores have at least one of your top five products off the shelf this cycle. At each store’s own sales rate, the gaps cost an estimated $4,800 a day.
SKU 1 · 1 L
$1,900/day SKU 2 · 500 ml
$1,200/day SKU 3 · 6-pack
$950/day SKU 4 · 2 L
$750/day
Traced to shelf capture + store sales velocity4 wk
Show Distributor C by store List stores where the space was taken
Store list.csv Territories

Illustrative interface. Numbers are an example, not a Rwazi result.

Who uses it

Roles and functions

Supply chain and logistics

Find where upstream failures cause the gaps, and rank the fixes by the revenue behind them.

Commercial and sales

Hold distributors and reps to in-store execution with store-level evidence, territory by territory.

Sales solutions →

Category management

Open the replenishment and assortment conversation with a retailer on shared numbers about category impact.

Revenue management

Put a figure on the leakage, and build the case for the supply chain or coverage investment that closes it.

Marketing

Check whether a campaign is driving demand past what the shelf can hold, which turns spend into a gap.

Why teams trust Sena

01

Get decision-ready answers fast

A demo takes about 20 minutes. For most use cases, the first decisions land days after kickoff.

02

Detection and diagnosis arrive together

Every gap comes with one of five causes attached and the evidence for it, so the flag reaches an owner on arrival.

03

Each gap carries a cost

The estimate uses that store’s own velocity for that product over the length of the gap, so prioritisation runs on money.

20-min live walkthrough

Talk to Sena about the products missing from shelves you already supply

Tell us the decision you are weighing, and we will bring the market read to the conversation.

Watch a live demo of Sena Decision AI
See this use case run on a market like yours
Get the questions from your own team answered

Start from your own question

Bring the decision in front of you and we will run the first read against it on the call.

Talk to the Rwazi team

FAQs

01 What is on shelf availability?
On shelf availability is the share of the time a product is present and shoppable on the shelf where it belongs. The on shelf availability meaning is narrower than inventory: a product can sit in the back room and still be unavailable, because the shopper reaches the shelf, and the stockroom stays out of reach. On-shelf availability in retail is measured at the shelf for that reason, and on-shelf availability in retailing is treated as a service level, where stock level answers a different question. Standards bodies define it as a time-based percentage per product per store, and teams searching for the GS1 on-shelf availability definition are looking for that framing.
02 What is on-shelf availability and how is it measured?
The common on shelf availability formula divides the number of checks where the product was present by the total number of checks, then multiplies by 100. That on shelf availability calculation depends entirely on how often you check, since a daily cycle and a monthly one produce different numbers from the same shelf. The on shelf availability metrics that matter alongside it are gap duration, gap frequency, and the sales velocity of the product involved, because a short gap on a fast line costs more than a long gap on a slow one. On shelf availability analytics report all four together, by store and by SKU.
03 What does OSA mean in retail?
OSA on-shelf availability is the same measure under its initials, and it is the term most supply chain and category teams use internally. The distinction worth holding is that OSA measures the shelf, while inventory accuracy measures the store, and the two disagree whenever stock is present in the building and absent from the aisle. Most gaps live in that disagreement.
04 How to improve on-shelf availability?
Improving on shelf availability starts with knowing which of five causes you have, since the fix differs for each. A missing-shipment gap is a planning fix. A shipped-but-undelivered gap is a distributor conversation. A delivered-but-unshelved gap is store execution. A displaced gap is commercial. A delisted line is a category negotiation. Teams looking for tips for boosting on-shelf availability with minimal effort get the most from the cheapest of the five: replenishment prompts on high-velocity lines in stores that have already shown the pattern. To improve on shelf availability at scale, and to maximize on shelf availability over a year, the ranking has to run on revenue at risk, where gap count treats every store alike.
05 How to track on shelf availability?
Choose a check cycle that matches how fast your category empties, then read the same stores repeatedly so the trend is comparable. Using real-time data to improve on-shelf availability retail teams often means a continuous feed from fixed sensors, which reaches the stores carrying that hardware. Sena reads shelf images from a consumer network on the cycle you commission, which reaches further and refreshes on demand, so the currency of the answer follows the cycle you buy. Either way, real-time data improve on-shelf availability retail outcomes only where somebody acts on the alert.
06 What are on-shelf availability solutions?
On-shelf availability solutions fall into three groups. Sensor and camera systems watch a fixture continuously in the stores fitted for it. Field programmes send people to check on a schedule. Image-based reads capture the shelf through a network of shoppers. The on shelf availability solution market mixes all three, and the on-shelf availability solutions market splits mostly on coverage width against refresh rate: continuous and narrow, or wide and periodic. Teams comparing retail technology solutions on-shelf availability partners offer, or looking at top solutions for enhancing on-shelf availability in retail, tend to sort on which stores each one can actually reach. The same question separates trusted on-shelf availability systems for retail providers and the best platforms for retailers on-shelf availability management, and it is the one retail technology solutions to boost on-shelf availability answer least clearly.
07 How does AI help retail on-shelf availability?
AI retail solutions on-shelf availability programmes use computer vision to read a shelf image and identify every product on it, which removes the manual count. The harder half is the reasoning after detection: matching each gap against shipment and sales records and classifying the cause. Retail on shelf availability work becomes actionable at that second step, because a flagged gap tends to sit until somebody owns it.
08 How do you find the root cause of an out-of-stock?
Compare three records for the same store and date: what should have been on the shelf, what was on the shelf, and what shipped. A gap where the shipment is missing is upstream. A gap with a delivery against it is in-store. A gap where a competing product occupies the space is displacement. A gap where the line has left the planogram is a delisting. How to leverage retail sales analytics for boosting on-shelf availability comes in at the end, since sales velocity per store is what converts each gap into a cost and sets the order you fix them in.
09 Can on-shelf availability be checked across a whole store network?
Yes, and coverage width is the thing to test. Teams looking for the best services for checking on-shelf availability nationwide are usually comparing how many stores each option physically reaches, since a programme that covers modern trade well and skips convenience leaves the gaps concentrated where nobody is looking. The best services for checking on-shelf availability nationwide retail networks read across channels as well as within one, which is what Sena does through a consumer network.
10 How do retailers improve on-shelf availability for fresh products?
Fresh lines empty faster and expire, so the check cycle has to be tighter and the response has to be same-cycle. How retailers improve on-shelf availability for fresh products comes down to reading the shelf often enough that a gap is caught while the replenishment still has value, then routing it to the store ahead of the report. Sena returns the gap with the store and the date attached, which is the form a fresh replenishment prompt needs.